--- title: "Rights and disruption | Benefit Systems" description: "Rights and disruption: Every article and term on this topic, grouped by subtopic." source: "aus dem gebauten HTML abgeleitet" --- # Rights and disruption Every article and term on this topic, grouped by subtopic. [Full glossary](/en/glossary). ## Baggage ### Can I bring a power bank on a plane? Why lithium batteries cannot travel in the hold, how the capacity tiers work, what airlines add on top, how to read the marking on the device and when a power bank should stay at home. ### How big can my carry-on bag be? Why size and weight have no legal basis in the USA, which rules genuinely bind, how the fare sets the allowance ### How long do I have to report damaged baggage? Why a damaged bag carries its own short deadline, how the airport report and the written claim fit together, what counts as normal wear, what the contract of carriage excludes and when filing is not worth it. ### How much compensation do I get for lost luggage? How the liability cap works per passenger, why depreciated value replaces purchase price, what excess valuation buys, which items the contract of carriage excludes and when the claim is not worth filing. ### My bag did not arrive, what do I do at the airport? Why the report at the airport is the only reliable step, what the file reference does, how interim expenses are reimbursed in the United States, when a bag counts as lost and when the effort is not worth it. ## Claims ### Can I make a US airline rebook me on another carrier? Why rebooking onto a competitor in the United States depends on the contract of carriage rather than on a statute, how interline agreements work, what to say at the desk, how self-booking is settled and when it is not worth it. ### Does a US airline owe me meals and a hotel during a delay? Why care during a delay in the United States comes from airline commitments rather than from a statute, what the contract of carriage actually promises ### What compensation do I get when bumped from a US flight? Why flights are oversold, how volunteering differs from being involuntarily denied boarding, which US rules attach to each, how the payment is calculated and what to do at the gate. ## Entry ### Do I need a transit visa to connect through the US? Why the USA has no international transit zone, what that means for connecting passengers, how baggage and terminal changes decide the question ### Do I need ETIAS to travel to Europe? Who needs ETIAS and who does not, why it is not a visa, how it is tied to the passport, how it interacts with the 90-day rule and when it plays no part in a trip at all. ### Who qualifies for Global Entry? Global Entry is a US Customs and Border Protection programme that gives pre-vetted travellers a faster lane when entering the USA. ## Documents ### How are the 90 days in the Schengen area counted? Why 90 days in 180 is not a calendar year, how the rolling window works for US passport holders, what does not count, what an overstay risks and when the calculation is unnecessary. ### How much validity does my passport need? Why many countries require validity beyond the return date, who enforces it before departure, what happens when boarding is refused, how renewal timing works and when there is no reason to rush. ## Insurance ### What counts as a pre-existing condition? Why existing conditions are the most common denial, how the look-back period and the waiver work, what the time-sensitive purchase window buys ### What does travel medical insurance actually cover? Why a domestic health plan usually stops at the border, what medical evacuation costs, how direct billing differs from paying up front, which wording decides the value of a policy and when buying one is not worth it. ## Passenger rights ### Do I get compensation for a cancelled US flight? Why a US cancellation produces a refund right and nothing resembling European compensation, what the contract of carriage adds, how the refund rule works in practice ### Is there compensation for a delayed US flight? Why a US delay produces no compensation payment, which federal rules do apply, what controllable means in a customer service plan, how the tarmac rule works and when a claim is not worth filing. ## Refunds ### Can a US airline give me a voucher instead of a refund? Why airlines push travel credit, what the US refund rules give you when a flight is cancelled or significantly changed, where a credit loses value and when accepting one still makes sense. ### Do I get anything back when I do not take my flight? Why taxes and passenger fees come back even on a non-refundable fare, how the request is made in the United States, what a service charge may do, why a no-show cancels the rest of the itinerary and when the request is not worth it. ## Payment ### When does a credit card chargeback work? How a dispute runs through the card network, which reasons are recognised, why a billing error differs from fraud, what the statutory protections cover and which deadlines apply. ## Procedure ### My flight was cancelled, what should I do first? What actually helps in the first minutes after a cancellation, why transport and money are two separate questions, which channels beat the queue, and what has to be documented. ## Process ### What happens if I miss a connecting flight? Why one booking rather than one flight segment decides the consequences, how automatic rebooking works, what to do after landing, how checked bags move on and when hurrying changes nothing. ## Terms on this topic - [Alternative dispute resolution body](/en/glossary/dispute-resolution-body): An alternative dispute resolution body is a recognised organisation that settles disputes between travellers and providers out of court, usually free for the traveller. - [Baggage allowance](/en/glossary/baggage-allowance): The baggage allowance is the weight and number of bags a ticket includes without an extra charge. - [Baggage liability](/en/glossary/baggage-liability): Baggage liability is an airline's obligation for delayed, damaged or lost luggage, capped at a maximum amount per passenger. - [Cancellation](/en/glossary/flight-cancellation): A cancellation is the withdrawal of a scheduled flight; a diversion or substantial rescheduling can legally count as one too. - [Carry-on rules](/en/glossary/carry-on-rules): Carry-on rules are an airline's limits on the size, weight and number of bags that may be taken into the cabin. - [Chargeback](/en/glossary/chargeback): A chargeback is the reversal of a card payment through your own bank when a paid-for service was not delivered or not delivered as agreed. - [Conditions of carriage](/en/glossary/conditions-of-carriage): Conditions of carriage are an airline's general contract terms, setting out the rights and duties of both sides for every ticket it sells. - [Denied boarding](/en/glossary/denied-boarding): Denied boarding is the refusal to carry a passenger who holds a valid booking and arrived on time, typically because the flight is oversold. - [Document check](/en/glossary/document-check): A document check is the airline's verification of passport, visa and travel authorisation before departure, based on an immigration requirements database. - [Duty of care](/en/glossary/duty-of-care): Duty of care covers meals, means of communication and, where needed, accommodation and transfers that an airline owes during a wait. - [Electronic travel authorisation](/en/glossary/electronic-travel-authorisation): An electronic travel authorisation is an online pre-clearance for visa-free travellers that has to be in place before departure. - [EU passenger rights regulation](/en/glossary/eu-passenger-rights-regulation): The EU passenger rights regulation is the European law governing claims for cancellation, long delay and denied boarding, regardless of ticket price. - [European Small Claims Procedure](/en/glossary/european-small-claims-procedure): The European Small Claims Procedure is a simplified court route for cross-border claims up to a statutory ceiling, with no need for a lawyer. - [Excess baggage](/en/glossary/excess-baggage): Excess baggage is luggage beyond the allowance, charged by the airline per piece, by weight or by dimensions. - [Extraordinary circumstances](/en/glossary/extraordinary-circumstances): Extraordinary circumstances are events outside an airline's control that remove the entitlement to statutory compensation. - [Flight compensation](/en/glossary/flight-compensation): Flight compensation is a flat statutory payment owed by the airline for cancellation, long delay or denied boarding, scaled by flight distance. - [Involuntary downgrade](/en/glossary/involuntary-downgrade): An involuntary downgrade is being carried in a lower class than booked, for instance when business class is oversold or the aircraft was swapped. - [Irregular operations](/en/glossary/irregular-operations): Irregular operations describe a situation in which an airline's schedule breaks down broadly, through weather, strikes or a systems failure. - [Lithium battery rules](/en/glossary/lithium-battery-rules): Lithium battery rules are safety regulations for batteries on aircraft: power banks and spare cells belong in hand luggage, never in checked bags. - [Misconnection](/en/glossary/misconnection): A misconnection is missing an onward flight because the previous one ran late; the legal consequences depend on whether both flights sit on one ticket. - [Montreal Convention](/en/glossary/montreal-convention): The Montreal Convention is an international treaty governing airline liability for baggage, delay and personal injury on international journeys. - [No-show clause](/en/glossary/no-show-clause): A no-show clause is the condition that the rest of a booking is cancelled if a passenger fails to take one flight segment. - [Operating carrier](/en/glossary/operating-carrier): The operating carrier is the airline that actually flies the aircraft, as distinct from the airline whose name sold the ticket. - [Overbooking](/en/glossary/overbooking): Overbooking is the deliberate sale of more seats than the aircraft has, because airlines plan for a predictable number of no-shows. - [Passport validity rule](/en/glossary/passport-validity-rule): A passport validity rule is the requirement of many countries that a passport remain valid for a minimum period beyond departure, often six months. - [Property irregularity report](/en/glossary/property-irregularity-report): A property irregularity report is the record filed at the airport for missing or damaged baggage and the basis of every later claim. - [Provider insolvency](/en/glossary/provider-insolvency): Provider insolvency is the financial failure of an airline, hotel or agency, leaving booked services undelivered. - [Re-routing](/en/glossary/re-routing): Re-routing is the airline's obligation after disruption to get the passenger to the booked final destination, if necessary by another route. - [Rebooking on another airline](/en/glossary/rebooking-on-another-airline): Rebooking on another airline is transferring a ticket to a different carrier so the passenger reaches the destination sooner after disruption. - [Refund](/en/glossary/refund): A refund is the repayment of the fare when a flight is cancelled or the passenger no longer wants to travel after a disruption. - [Schengen 90/180 rule](/en/glossary/schengen-90-180-rule): The Schengen 90/180 rule limits visa-free stays to 90 days within any rolling 180-day period across the entire Schengen area. - [Secondary security screening](/en/glossary/secondary-security-screening): Secondary security screening is an enhanced additional check, flagged on the boarding pass, that takes extra time at the airport. - [Single reservation](/en/glossary/single-reservation): A single reservation is a journey whose sectors sit on one booking, which is the precondition for passenger rights to cover the whole route. - [Special drawing right](/en/glossary/special-drawing-right): A special drawing right is an international unit of account used by the IMF, in which baggage liability limits are expressed. - [Transit visa](/en/glossary/transit-visa): A transit visa is permission to pass through a country while connecting, even when no stay there is planned. - [Travel voucher](/en/glossary/travel-voucher): A travel voucher is credit with the airline offered instead of a repayment, redeemable only against that airline's own services. - [Trusted traveller programme](/en/glossary/trusted-traveller-programme): A trusted traveller programme vets passengers in advance and gives them an expedited lane at security or border control in return. - [Unaccompanied minor](/en/glossary/unaccompanied-minor): An unaccompanied minor is a child travelling without an adult, for whom the airline requires or offers a chargeable escort service. - [US airline consumer rules](/en/glossary/us-airline-consumer-rules): US airline consumer rules are Department of Transportation regulations covering refunds, baggage fees and denied boarding on flights in the United States. - [Wet lease](/en/glossary/wet-lease): A wet lease is the hire of an aircraft together with its crew by an airline that then sells the flight under its own flight number.